Smart card

Soon after the introduction of the strip ticket the Dutch transport companies are looking for a replacement. At the end of the 1980's this replacement is expected to be a magnetic strip card. However, a test with a magnetic stripe card is cancelled. In the middle of the 1990's the smart card comes into focus.

There are two types of smart card. The first type is an "electronic wallet". This type of smart card is a replacement for cash money only. The passenger still receives a (paper) ticket. Data about the trip is usually not stored on this type of smart card. On the second type of smart card the right to travel is registered on the chip. The passenger doesn't need a paper ticket any more.

Through the years there have been numerous smart card tests in Dutch public transport. The ov-chipkaart is introduced in 2005. Goal is to replace the strip ticket and the train tickets in the Netherlands with this smart card.

Name	Period	Type	System
Smart Card Nederlandse Spoorwegen	1992 - 1993
Primeur Card	1995 - 1997	electronic wallet
Vervoer op Maat	1995 - 1999	electronic wallet	contact
Zeelandkaart	1995 - 1998	electronic wallet	contact
Studentenchipkaart	1995 - 1996	electronic wallet
Zwolle Card	1995 - 1996	electronic wallet
Chipknip	1998 - now	electronic wallet	contact
Tripperpas	2001 - 2002		contactless
OV-chipkaart	2005 - now		contactless